布兰查德《宏观经济学》课后习题答案第2章

发布人：圣才学习网发布日期：2010-06-21 09:49 共人浏览[大] [中] [小]

　　Chapter 2

　　1.　 a. False.

　　b. Uncertain： real or nominal GDP. c. True.

　　d. True.

　　e. False.　The level of the CPI means nothing.　Its rate of change tells us about inflation.

　　f.　Uncertain.　Which index is better depends on what we are trying to measure—inflation faced

　　by consumers or by the economy as a whole.

　　2.　 a. +$100； Personal Consumption Expenditures b.　no change： intermediate good

　　c. +$200 million； Gross Private Domestic Fixed Investment d.　+$200 million； Net Exports

　　e.　no change： the jet was already counted when it was produced， i.e.， presumably when Delta

　　（or some other airline） bought it new as an investment.

　　*3. a. Measured GDP increases by $10+$12=$22.

　　b. True GDP should increase by much less than $22 because by working for an extra hour，

　　you are no longer producing the work of cooking within the house.　Since cooking within the house is a final service， it should count as part of GDP. Unfortunately， it is hard to measure the value of work within the home， which is why measured GDP does not include it.

　　4.　 a. $1，000，000 the value of the silver necklaces.

　　b.　1st Stage： $300，000. 2nd Stage： $1，000，00-$300，000=$700，000. GDP： $300，000+$700，000=$1，000，000.

　　c.　Wages： $200，000 + $250，000=$450，000.

　　Profits：（$300，000-$200，000）+（$1，000，000-$250，000-300，000）

　　=$100，000+$450，000=$550，000. GDP： $450，000+$550，000=$1，000，000.

　　5.a. 1998 GDP： 10*$2，000+4*$1，000+1000*$1=$25，000

　　1999 GDP： 12*$3，000+6*$500+1000*$1=$40，000

　　Nominal GDP has increased by 60%.

　　b.　1998 real （1998） GDP： $25，000

　　1999 real （1998） GDP： 12*$2，000+6*$1，000+1000*$1=$31，000

　　Real （1998） GDP has increased by 24%.

　　c.　1998 real （1999） GDP： 10*$3，000+4*$500+1，000*$1=$33，000

　　1999 real （1999） GDP： $40，000.

　　Real （1999） GDP has increased by 21.2%. d.　True.

　　6.　 a. 1998 base year：

　　Deflator（1998）=1； Deflator（1999）=$40，000/$31，000=1.29

　　Inflation=29%

　　b. 1999 base year：

　　Deflator（1998）=$25，000/$33，000=0.76； Deflator（1999）=1

　　Inflation=（1-0.76）/0.76=.32=32%

　　c. Yes

　　7.　 a. 1998 real GDP = 10*$2，500　+　4*$750　+　1000*$1　=　$29，000

　　1999 real GDP = 12*$2，500　+　6*$750　+　1000*$1　=　$35，500

　　b.　（35，500-29，000）/29，000 = .224 = 22.4%

　　c.　Deflator in 1998=$25，000/$29，000=.86

　　Deflator in 1999=$40，000/$35，500=1.13

　　Inflation = （1.13 -.86）/.86 = .314 = 31.4%.

　　8.　 a.　The quality of a routine checkup improves over time.　Checkups now may include EKGs， for example.　Medical services are particularly affected by this problem due to constant

　　improvements in medical technology.

　　b. You need to know how the market values pregnancy checkups with and without ultra-sounds

　　in that year.

　　c. This information is not available since all doctors adopted the new technology simultaneously. Still， you can tell that the quality adjusted increase will be lower than 20%.

　　*9. a.　approximately 2.5%

　　b.　1992 real GDP growth： 2.7%；

　　unemployment rate Jan 92： 7.3%； unemployment rate Jan 93： 7.3%

　　Supports Okun's law because the unemployment rate does not change when the growth rate of real GDP is near 2.5%

　　c.　-2 percentage points change in the unemployment rate； 5 percent GDP growth

　　d.　The growth rate of GDP must increase by 2.5 percentage points.

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